Free application of a number of techniques (usually to a given attack).
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Wooden staff which is used to practise Aikido techniques or katas (in the old days it was the peasants' weapon of choice).
Find out more on our Wooden Weapons page.
Disarming an uke who is attacking with a jo
Upper level of the body (throat and head)
Punch or stab to the upper body (throat or head)
"Arm-twisting cross-pin throw": tori grabs both of uke's wrists, while his arms are crossed, pin is against uke's ellbow.